🌡️ 1. Temperature Belts of the Earth

Temperature belts are regions of the Earth classified based on the amount of heat received from the Sun.

🔥 (A) Torrid Zone (Tropical Zone)

• Location: Between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn
• Characteristics:
  • Receives maximum solar energy (sun rays are vertical).
  • Hottest region of the Earth.
  • High temperature throughout the year.

👉 Example: India lies partly in this zone.

🌤️ (B) Temperate Zones

• Location:
  • Between Tropic of Cancer and Arctic Circle (Northern Hemisphere)
  • Between Tropic of Capricorn and Antarctic Circle (Southern Hemisphere)
• Characteristics:
  • Moderate temperature.
  • Experiences distinct seasons (summer, winter).

❄️ (C) Frigid Zones (Polar Regions)

• Location:
  • Between Arctic Circle and the North Pole
  • Between Antarctic Circle and the South Pole
• Characteristics:
  • Very cold throughout the year.
  • Sun rays are highly slanting.

🌬️ 2. Pressure Belts of the Earth

Pressure belts are regions of high and low atmospheric pressure formed due to temperature differences and Earth’s rotation.

🔴 (A) Equatorial Low Pressure Belt (Doldrums)

• Location: Around 0° (Equator)
• Characteristics:
  • High temperature → air rises → low pressure.
  • Calm winds (called doldrums).
  • Heavy rainfall region.

🟠 (B) Subtropical High Pressure Belt (Horse Latitudes)

• Location: Around 30° N & 30° S
• Characteristics:
  • Air descends → high pressure.
  • Dry and calm regions.
  • Major deserts found here (e.g., Sahara).

🟡 (C) Subpolar Low Pressure Belt

• Location: Around 60° N & 60° S
• Characteristics:
  • Low pressure due to rising air.
  • Frequent cyclonic activity.

🔵 (D) Polar High Pressure Belt

• Location: Near 90° N & 90° S (Poles)
• Characteristics:
  • Extremely cold → air sinks → high pressure.
  • Dry and cold conditions.

📊 Summary Table

🎯 Easy Trick to Remember Pressure Belts

👉 “Low – High – Low – High”
(Equator → Subtropical → Subpolar → Polar)

🔗 Connection Between Temperature & Pressure

• High Temperature → Low Pressure (air rises)
• Low Temperature → High Pressure (air sinks)