The Mughal Empire was one of the most powerful empires in Indian history, founded after the defeat of the Delhi Sultanate in 1526.
1️⃣ Babur (1526–1530)
Key Points:
- Founder of the Mughal Empire
- Defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the
👉 First Battle of Panipat - Introduced gunpowder warfare in India
- Wrote autobiography 👉 Baburnama
2️⃣ Akbar (1556–1605)
Key Points:
- Greatest Mughal ruler
- Won 👉 Second Battle of Panipat
- Introduced:
- Sulh-i-Kul (religious tolerance)
- Mansabdari system
- Founded 👉 Din-i-Ilahi
- Built 👉 Fatehpur Sikri
3️⃣ Shah Jahan (1628–1658)
Key Points:
- Known as the “Builder Emperor”
- Built the famous 👉 Taj Mahal
- Also constructed:
- Red Fort (Delhi)
- Jama Masjid
- Period known as the Golden Age of Mughal architecture
4️⃣ Aurangzeb (1658–1707)
Key Points:
- Last powerful Mughal ruler
- Expanded empire to its largest size
- Followed strict Islamic policies
- Reimposed Jizya tax
- After his death, Mughal Empire began to decline
📌 Quick Timeline
| Ruler | Period | Key Contribution |
|---|---|---|
| Babur | 1526–1530 | Founded empire |
| Akbar | 1556–1605 | Administration & unity |
| Shah Jahan | 1628–1658 | Architecture |
| Aurangzeb | 1658–1707 | Expansion & decline |