The Maratha Empire was a powerful Indian kingdom that challenged the Mughal dominance and became a major force in India.

👑 Founder

🔹 Shivaji Maharaj (1630–1680)

Early Life:

• Born at 👉 Shivneri Fort
• Father: Shahaji Bhonsle
• Mother: Jijabai
• Guru: Dadoji Konddev

⚔️ Achievements of Shivaji Maharaj

🛡️ Military Strength:

• Known as a master of guerrilla warfare (Ganimi Kava)
• Built a strong navy and army
• Captured many forts like:
  • Raigad Fort
  • Torna Fort

👑 Coronation:

• Crowned as Chhatrapati in 1674 at Raigad

⚖️ Administration:

• Introduced Ashta Pradhan (Council of 8 Ministers)
• Efficient revenue system
• Promoted justice and good governance

🌍 Religious Policy:

• Followed religious tolerance
• Respected all religions and protected people

⚔️ Conflicts

• Fought against:
  • Aurangzeb
  • Adil Shahi and Nizam Shahi rulers
• Famous encounter:
  • Defeated Afzal Khan

📉 Decline of Maratha Empire

• After Shivaji, weak leadership
• Internal conflicts
• Defeated by British in
  👉 Third Battle of Panipat (major setback)
• Final end in 1818 (British rule)

📌 Quick Summary

🎯 Exam Points

• Shivaji = Founder of Maratha Empire
• Guerrilla warfare = Key strategy
• Ashta Pradhan = Administration system
• Raigad = Capital
• Strong enemy of Mughals